Are object manipulation techniques traditionally used in head-mounted-displays (HMDs) applicable to augmented reality based on projection systems? This paper examines the differences between HM- and projection-based AR interfaces in the light of a manipulation task involving documents and applications projected on common office surfaces such as tables, walls, cabinets, and floor. We report a wizard of Oz study where subjects were first asked to create gestures/voice commands to move 2D-objects on those surfaces and then exposed to gestures created by the authors. Among the options, subjects could select the object to be manipulated using voice command; touching, pointing, and grabbing gesture; or a virtual mouse. The results show a strong preference for a manipulation interface based on pointing gestures using small hand movements and involving minimal body movement. Direct touching of the object was also common when the object being manipulated was within the subjects’ arm reach. Based on these results we expect that the preferred interface resembles, in many ways, the egocentric model traditionally used in AR.
By: Stephen Voida; Mark Podlaseck; Rick Kjeldsen; Claudio Pinhanez
Published in: RC23541 in 2005
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