Doped and undoped multilayer organic light-emitting diodes containing copper phthalocyanine as the hole injection layer, aromatic diamines as the hole transport layers and (tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum) as the electron-injection, electron-transport, and emitting layer were fabricated. The influence of the individual layer thicknesses and doping locations (electron-transport layer and/or hole transport layer) on the current-voltage characteristics, luminous efficiency, and stability was investigated. Optimization of these parameters led to highly efficient (>8 lm/W) and stable organic light-emitting diodes.
By: H. Vestweber and W. Riess
Published in: Synthetic Metals, volume 91, (no ), pages 181-5 in 1997
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